Rubies and Sapphires are the same mineral, CORUNDUM. Everyone knows about the beautiful blue sapphires. One of the most famous is Princess Diana’s engagement ring, a 12 carat oval sapphire with 14 round diamonds in white gold. Prince William gave his Mother’s ring to Kate Middleton for their engagement.

Sapphires come in an array of the colors that sparkle like a rainbow. Sapphires are treated by different methods to enhance their clarity and color. This is done by heating the sapphires in ovens to temperatures up to 1800 °C for several hours, a nitrogen deficient atmosphere oven for days, and diffusion treatments.