• Epic minor loop

    i – ♭VI – ♭III – ♭VII

    1. Cm
    2. A♭
    3. E♭
    4. B♭

    in C minor · 4 beats per chord

    Used in: Zombie (The Cranberries) · Numb (Linkin Park)

    Chords in every key →
  • Andalusian cadence

    i – ♭VII – ♭VI – V

    1. Cm
    2. B♭
    3. A♭
    4. G

    in C minor · 4 beats per chord

    Used in: Hit the Road Jack (Ray Charles) · Sultans of Swing (Dire Straits) · Runaway (Del Shannon)

    Chords in every key →
  • Minor anthem progression

    i – ♭VI – ♭VII

    1. Cm
    2. A♭
    3. B♭

    in C minor · 4 beats per chord

    Used in: Rolling in the Deep (chorus) (Adele)

    Chords in every key →
  • Aeolian descent

    i – ♭VII – ♭VI – ♭VII

    1. Cm
    2. B♭
    3. A♭
    4. B♭

    in C minor · 4 beats per chord

    Used in: All Along the Watchtower (Bob Dylan)

    Chords in every key →

Samples: Salamander Grand Piano (CC-BY 3.0)

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i–iv–V chord progression — how it works

The i–iv–V progression is the primary-chord progression in a minor key, with the dominant raised to a major V so it resolves with the same pull it has in major — the classic sound of minor-key folk and rock.

It moves from the tonic (i) to the subdominant (iv) to the dominant (V) and then repeats. Each chord lasts 4 beats, so one pass of the 3 chords is 3 bars of 4/4.

In A minor the chords are Am – Dm – E; in E minor they are Em – Am – B. Press play above to hear the progression, then pick the key that fits your voice or your song and set the tempo you want to practise at.

i–iv–V in every key

The numerals stay the same; only the chords change. Find your key below, or pick it in the player above to hear it.

KeyChords
C minorCm – Fm – G
C♯ minorC♯m – F♯m – G♯
D minorDm – Gm – A
D♯ minorD♯m – G♯m – A♯
E minorEm – Am – B
F minorFm – B♭m – C
F♯ minorF♯m – Bm – C♯
G minorGm – Cm – D
G♯ minorG♯m – C♯m – D♯
A minorAm – Dm – E
B♭ minorB♭m – E♭m – F
B minorBm – Em – F♯

Frequently asked questions

What chords are in the i–iv–V progression in A minor?
In A minor the i–iv–V progression is Am – Dm – E. The same numerals give Em – Am – B in E minor; the table above lists all twelve keys.
What is the i–iv–V progression called?
i–iv–V is known as the Minor three-chord progression, and also as the 1–4–5 in minor. The i–iv–V progression is the primary-chord progression in a minor key, with the dominant raised to a major V so it resolves with the same pull it has in major — the classic sound of minor-key folk and rock.
How long is the i–iv–V progression?
Each chord lasts 4 beats, so one pass of the 3 chords is 3 bars of 4/4. Loop it to keep the harmony going under a verse or a solo.